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Set out from this, the Western Han Dynasty from found a state begin, chinese generation ruler advocates “ Huang Laozhi learns ” , hold to “ to be this ” with the person. Han Wendi points out: “ abdomen be hungry is not gotten solid, skin is cold do not get the clothes, loving mother cannot protect his child, how can person gentleman obtain the people support! ” historian thinks commonly, chinese what pursue first is ” of “ Huang Laozhi path, those who execute is “ do-nothing ” and treat. Alleged “ do-nothing ” is not faineant, however the government does not do faze civilian, injury civilian, kill civilian thing, be obedient to however common feelings of people, do the thing that the people likes. " father " ever said: “ sage does not have perseverance, the heart with common people is heart ” . This is a person actually of this thought reflect, at the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty year ” of “ Huang Laozhi path also reflected a person this thought, chinese first with civilian recreational policy is to be “ to cherish one's fellow citizen ” carries out, not be “ do-nothing ” and those who make.
With what kind of method can you make finance improves? Engrave is in ruler of homiletic the Western Han Dynasty heart. Qin Shi emperor extort excessive taxes and levies, go in for sth in a large scale building, use all armed might to indulge in aggressive wars, extinct national financial capacity, exhausted national material resources, asked for national manpower. North repairs the Great Wall to employ 40 more than person, edge of the defend austral mountain employs 50 more than person, built Huang Lingzheng of black horse hill to send 70 more than person. According to estimation,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, the laborer of battle of mufti of morning sun of the Qin Dynasty achieves the 1/3 of man of prime of life. All sorts of charge of this all-time corvee and project place need become heavy burden of people, taxes achieves the 2/3 of people income. Say on history: “ force battle 30 times Yu Gu, cropland hires an iron that endow with salt 20 times Yu Gu ” , of people burden heavy can be imagined. Political power of government of the Qin Dynasty is only 15 years with respect to crumble. Want long period of order and stability, absolutely cannot dirt of empress of pace Qin Shi. So,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, the fraud of Chinese punish the Qin Dynasty, put forward “ do-nothing and treat ” , “ and civilian rest the national policy of ” .
Rehabilitate: Production of Bao Fu of strictly enforce light Yao, award, with civilian the policy that rest
BC arrives 179 years before 141 years, around 41 years, it is Han Wendi and Han Jingdi regnant period. Production of Bao Fu of light Yao of their strictly enforce, award, with civilian the policy that rest, make socioeconomy grow continuously, form people the flourishing age situation of plentiful of rich, treasury, history call “ article Jing Zhizhi ” . Its are main measure has:
Gloomy reality: The emperor looks for 4 no less than horses that are the same as color, take photograph go to court oxcart
Adopt policy of ” of “ Gui Su,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, increase farmer income. Agricultural development, make grain price is reduced greatly, millet of every stone “ reachs ” of more than 10 money when Shi Zaiwen emperor. To assure the income of the farmer, attract a farmer to take agricultural production seriously, official of Mr Han Wendi thinks only way raises commissariat price namely, right the person that can provide food fulfils money reward. The strategy that they adopt is the commissariat that encourages rich other people to buy a farmer, alms gives a state. To can alms commissariat carries border land grain depot, country according to alms amount different bestow different the rank of nobility, OK still and condonable. Such, the commissariat reserve of frontier defence fastness is rapid and enough, replenish the reserve of each county county further again next. As long as county county reserve is enough be needed one year, this county county lest receive farmer cropland,can hire. Below the encouragement of such policy, the income of the farmer was ensured, the burden was reduced, national reserve is enough also.
Execute light Yao Bao Fu, reduce people burden. After Liu state ascend the throng, provisional constitution province is banned, reduce cess tax rate, “ assorted 5 and duty one ” . When Han Huidi, give orders “ decreases cropland to hire, answer 15 duty one ” . 12 years of v/arc be on the throne of knowable Liu state, later period because the need on national finance, tax rate rises somewhat, great-great-grandfather of Dan Huidi Yuhan after 12 years of accession, restored customary tax rate immediately, make 15 duty maintain come down, although the change also did not see when the be in power after Lv. When Han Wendi, lower the tax rate that cropland hires further, press “ 30 duty one ” levy. This is the period of lowest of tax rate of cess of Chinese feudal society,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, and later changeless from beginning to end.
Encourage economy of production, development, enlarge duty radical, increase governmental finance income. In agricultural respect, fall for many times instruct persuade class farming mulberry, install Tian Re of 3 old, filial piety, force's detective by scale of registered permanent residence, often give them award, expand production in order to encourage a farmer, still encourage people open up wasteland through all sorts of taxation privilege policy. In respect of industry and commerce, shan Zezhi of relax of article emperor “ bans ” , open original homecoming home namely all mountain forest plain lustre, promoted thereby farming avocation production and the development that with the national economy and the people's livelihood the saline iron of major concern produces a career. Article emperor abolished pass a barrier is used 12 years again pass a system, the economy of stimulative flow of goods and each district interval interacts. The development of goods economy, the cropland that makes income of industrial and commercial miscellaneous levies exceeded the whole nation stage by stage hires income, also make the government has cropland of financial capacity derate to hire. Han Jingdi restores to wait for circumjacent nation to connect with Hun shut city, expand border land trade. Flow inside “ eyewinker, benefit nothing more than below the principle of discharge ” , obtained huge favorable balance of trade.
These and civilian rest policy and measure, to the numerous people after chaos caused by war, be just as timely rain, the charcoal in snow, had all in all effect to stable the people's livelihood, stable society. “ good rain knows season ” , ” of tone of fine other people of “ benefit thing, the benefit that can describe early days of the Western Han Dynasty with these two poems farming policy.
Chinese great-great-grandfather Liu state expended a tremedous effort, defeated strong opponent Xiang Yu,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, built dynasty of the Western Han Dynasty, but those who face is a gloomy and harsh reality however.
Practice strict economy, prohibit wasting. Han Wendi is advocated economical, during his v/arc be on the throne, palace room center animals farm,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, the car drives take drive, do not have increase. He once wanted to do a gazebo, budgetary newspaper comes up, need 100 gold, he abandoned this one idea. He says: The family is produced among 100 metallographic of “ 10 belongings summation, I accede first the palace room of the Supreme Being, often still feel ashamed, how can spend 100 gold to build gazebo. ” is lost for derate people duty, he still reduces his expenditure, cut down guard forces. Instruct not to accept the samite that the place contributes to wait for extravagant article below Han Jingdi,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ,, prohibit local official buys gold bead jade, otherwise in order to steal decide on the nature of the guilt.
As a result of warlike destruction, the land of country is broken, a lot of famous metropolitan commit to the flames, incomplete wall breaks a wall, became remains. National population acute is decreased, big city name, the person that registered permanent residence can be gotten has only very, namely big in urban population decreased 70% . Feudal Qu Ni of Liu Bang has 30 thousand people so, remain only now 5000. In chaos caused by war, production is destroyed, socioeconomy is destitute, land is run-down, the person misses work, mi Yishi 5000 money, person photograph is fed, the dead passes half. National finance arrived tiredly thoroughly the utmost, the emperor looks for 4 no less than horses that are the same as color, take photograph go to court oxcart.
Implement the administrative system of centralization of state power and union of the photograph that distribute right, strengthen stage by stage centralized. Han Chujian Yu Qinchao's extremely absolute fraud, county country was executed to run paralell on polity make. Be opposite at first reduce central financial burden, alleviate Chinese the function with the particular move since progress of economy of the finance difficulty first, stimulative place. Place also can of adjust measures to local conditions implement a few Hui Min policy, like Qi Guogong trade developeds, have the interest of fishing salt again, do not impose agricultural tax. Wu Guoze has cupreous hill, sea salt to be able to reap huge profit, reason does not have taxes.
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